For sources on history of science, technology and medicine, see Part II of guide.

For books that were on display in the Philips Wing, Magill Library February 5, see the attached list.

The following sources provide overviews of itopics in the history of science, social studies, and American social history.  They are a quick way to find out the basic facts and current points of debate.

When using an article in an encyclopedia or handbook, always check the bibliography for further reading at the end of the entry. It will provide a selective list of the books, articles, and, frequently, Web resources considered to be the most up-to-date and reliable.

For your class project, primary sources include those textbooks, reports, scientific studies, and government publications which bring together the topics and approaches under discussion: race, aptitude and science. 

There are many of these kinds of publications in Tripod:

     Crania American: Or, Comparative View of the Skulls of Various Aboriginal Nations of North & South America to which is Prefixed an Essay on the Varieties of the human species  (1839)
     The Intelligence of Jews as Compared with Non-Jews  (1927)
     Psychological Examining in the United States Army  (1921)
         Part III Measurements of Intelligence in the United States Army
         Chapter 8  Intelligence of the Negro


One of the most effective ways to locate primary sources is to find a recent, scholarly book or journal article that analyzes the history of the interactions of race, science, and aptitude within an academic discipline, workplace, or cultural area.  There you will find pertinent reports and studies cited from previous decades and centuries.  You can then search for these titles in Tripod, E Z Borrow and WorldCat.  These examples of secondary studies suggest the range of material currently being published:

       Anthropology Goes to the Fair: The 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition  (2007)
       Inclusion: The Politics of Difference in Medical Research  (2007)
       "'They Cannot Master Abstractions, but They Can Often Be Made Efficient Workers': Race and Class in the Intelligence Testing of Mexican Americans and African Americans in Texas duriung the 1920s"  (2000)


Watch also for historical source materials that provide background, an enriched context for better understanding the publication you are investigating.  These background source materials may include books and magazine articles written for a general audience, book reviews and newspaper articles, popular prints and photographs, handbooks and manuals, and school books.  Examples of these kinds of supporting materials in Tripod include:

       Freedman's Spelling-Book  (1865-1866)      
       Life in Philadelphia  (1830s)  Caricatures of middle class African Americans.  Search for the full set of colored prints in the Library Company Online Catalog.  Some examples are on an Anti Abolitionist web site.
       Race or Mongrel  (1908)

For popular publications and book reviews, start with:

       New York Times on the Web Online  1857-
       Book Review Digest  Print  1905-1999
       Book Review Index   Online   1965-
       19th Century Masterfile   (Indexes 18th and 19th century publications)
      

Use the Tripod Catalog to look for relevant books owned by Haverford, Bryn Mawr, and Swarthmore.

The following subject searches are a sampling of possibilities. To find materials on a topic, try doing a keyword search in the Tripod Catalog to find relevant materials and then using the subject headings assigned to those titles to find more material.

          race eugenics histor*[keyword search] 

          intelligence levels social aspects [Subject Search]

          minorities health and hygiene [Subject Search]  
               (see also the related minorities medical care)
         

Tripod - For locating books, journals, and other materials held in the Tri-College libraries. Deliveries within the Trico usually arrive in one or two days. Use the "Request" button. You can mark and then email or print records for multiple items.

WorldCat - An important place to look for many materials not owned by the Tri-College Libraries. This combined library catalog contains more than 95 million records describing items owned by libraries around the world. Many of these items are available to you though interlibrary loan.

Interlibrary Loan and E-ZBorrow - Request items that are not available in Tripod on this page. Note that PALCI E-Z Borrow provides books in 3 to 5 days.  For books not in E-Z Borrow, request though Interlibrary Loan (ILL).  Again materials may arrive in as little as 3 days.   For journal articles not in Tripod, request through Article Delivery.  Most are delivered to you electronically.

Journal articles provide scholarly information on specific aspects of the history of science and the social sciences.  Since articles are generally published on a shorter schedule than books, they can be more-up-to-date.  The following indexes are the best ways for you to find journal articles dealing with your area of interest.